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1.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 39(2): 55-59, jun. 2019. graf.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1047950

ABSTRACT

En vista de la transformación que se está produciendo en la educación universitaria en general y en la educación para profesionales de la salud en particular, el Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano plantea un cambio curricular para la carrera de Medicina. Esto implica, una forma de cambio sociocultural profunda, que afecta los distintos aspectos de la vida institucional. Se propone dejar atrás, el "sistema flexneriano" de enseñanza, proponiendo el sistema Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP), sumado a talleres y laboratorios donde el conocimiento y las habilidades se irán adquiriendo con diferente grado de complejidad en forma espiralada. El Laboratorio de Práctica Profesional (LPP) es el espacio y el ambiente educacional donde ocurre la máxima integración, trabajando sobre todos los conocimientos necesarios para llevar adelante la actividad profesional correspondiente. En el primer módulo, el enfoque fue guiado, fundamentalmente, hacia lo comunicacional persiguiendo como objetivo que el alumno desarrolle habilidades que le permitan establecer una adecuada relación médico-paciente-familia, así como vínculos adecuados con el equipo de trabajo y la comunidad . Se evaluó el taller en sí mismo y a los tutores mediante encuestas a los estudiantes, y estos últimos a su vez fueron evaluados periódicamente por los tutores y al final del módulo con un examen escrito y un examen tipo evaluación clínica objetiva estructurada. Por lo trabajado creemos que el LPP, como estrategia de enseñanza, contribuye a la formación de habilidades complejas; el resultado de las evaluaciones y el feedback rsultan indispensables para establecer un plan de mejoras. (AU)


In view of the transformation that is taking place in university education in general and in education for health professionals in particular, it is that the University Institute of the Italian Hospital proposes a curricular change for the Medicine career. This implies a socio-cultural change that affects the different aspects of institutional life. It is proposed to leave behind the "Flexnerian system", proposing a system based on: Problem Based Learning, in addition to workshops and laboratories where knowledge and skills will be acquired with a different degree of complexity in spiral form. The Professional Practice Laboratory is the space and educational environment where maximum integration occurs, working on all the necessary knowledge to carry out the corresponding professional activity. In the first module the focus was guided, fundamentally, to the communicational pursuing as objective: that the student develops skills that allow him to establish an adequate doctor-patient-family relationship, as well as adequate links, with the work team and the community. The evaluation was carried out to workshop itself and to the tutors through students' quiz. The students were periodically evaluated by the tutors and at the end of the module with a written exam and a structured Objective Clinical Evaluation type test. For what we have worked to this moment, we believe that: The laboratory of professional practice, as a teaching strategy, contributes to the formation of complex skills; being the result of the evaluations and the feedback, fundamental to establish an improvement plan. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Competency-Based Education/methods , Problem-Based Learning/methods , Education, Medical/methods , Education, Medical, Undergraduate/methods , Physician-Patient Relations , Teaching/education , Universities/trends , Mentors/education , Cultural Characteristics , Educational Measurement/methods , Professional Training , Social Skills , Formative Feedback , Teacher Training/trends , Hospitals, University/trends
2.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 28(3): 206-214, mai.-jun. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-775243

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: A insuficiência cardíaca é a via final comum da maioria das doenças que acometem o coração, considerada um dos mais importantes desafios clínicos atuais na área da saúde. Evidências epidemiológicas demonstram cada vez mais a associação entre síndrome metabólica e presença de alterações cardiovasculares, já que, de forma independente, os fatores de risco que estão relacionados à insuficiência cardíaca são os mesmos que compõe a síndrome metabólica, contribuindo, substancialmente, para o aumento da morbimortalidade cardiovascular. Objetivo: Avaliar a presença de síndrome metabólica em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica, atendidos em clínica de insuficiência cardíaca. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal que avaliou pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca crônica, atendidos na Clínica de insuficiência cardíaca de Hospital Universitário. A coleta de dados compreendeu aavaliação antropométrica, clínica e bioquímica. O diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica foi estabelecido peloscritérios da International Diabetes Federation. Resultados: Foram avaliados 90 pacientes, sendo 51% (n=46) do sexo masculino, com média de idade de62,7±12,3 anos. O estudo identificou elevada frequência de síndrome metabólica (71%; n=64) correlacionando-se significativamente com o aumento do índice de massa corporal (p<0,001). Ao comparar os grupos, observou-seque o diabetes mellitus foi significativamente mais frequente no grupo com síndrome metabólica (p<0,001). Conclusão: Os indivíduos portadores de insuficiência cardíaca apresentaram elevada frequência de síndrome metabólica, sendo o diabetes mellitus a alteração mais frequente no grupo com síndrome metabólica.


Background: Heart failure is the final common pathway of most diseases involving the heart. It is considered one of the most important current clinical challenges in health care. Epidemiological evidence increasingly demonstrates the association between metabolic syndrome and the presence of cardiovascular disorders, since, in an independent manner, risk factors related to heart failure are the same that comprise metabolic syndrome, substantially contributing to the increase of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Objective: To evaluate the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic heart failure assisted in the heart failure service. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated patients with chronic heart failure treated at the heart failure Clinic of a University Hospital. Data collection included anthropometric, clinical and biochemistry evaluation. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was established by the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Results: The study evaluated 90 patients, including 51% (n=46) males with a mean age of 62.7±12.3 years. The study found ahigh frequency of metabolic syndrome (71%; n=64) correlating significantly with increased body mass index (p<0.001). By comparing the two groups, it was observed that diabetes mellitus was significantly more frequent in patients with metabolic syndrome (p<0.001). Conclusion: Individuals with heart failure showed high frequency of metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus was the most frequent alteration in the group with metabolic syndrome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Hospitals, University/trends , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Prevalence , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Age Factors , Body Mass Index , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Obesity/complications , Risk Factors , Sex Factors
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 12(4): 871-877, jul.-ago. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-453457

ABSTRACT

A mudança das instituições hospitalares verificada internacionalmente envolve particularmente os Hospitais Universitários (HU). O presente artigo objetiva promover uma reflexão acerca de desafios dos HU brasileiros. O texto atém-se à análise daqueles hospitais vinculados às Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior. Há substantiva heterogeneidade entre os HU, envolvendo desde os perfis assistenciais, porte e modelos de gestão. No Brasil, os HU são agentes nucleares de duas políticas de Estado - educação e saúde. É no âmbito dos HU que se manifestam os tensionamentos inerentes à complexidade de articulação de tais políticas. Os HU têm sido incitados a oferecer respostas a problemas que transcendem sua capacidade. Cabe fortalecer a sustentabilidade organizacional dos HU, incluindo a capacidade de implantação de mecanismos de saneamento financeiro, de indicadores de avaliação e gestão, a incorporação das questões afetas à qualidade dos serviços prestados, a transparência e a responsabilidade social. Aos HU cabem melhorar as condições de saúde da população. A efetivação desses papéis é mais ampla do que conceber os HU somente como instituições prestadoras de serviços. O futuro e a afirmação dos HU dependerá da sua capacidade de contribuir para ações integradoras nas políticas de Estado para a saúde e educação.


The changing process of health care services affects the University Hospitals (UH) in a particular manner. This paper aims to analyse the challenges and future perspectives of the Brazilian UH. In order to do so, only the UH affiliated to the Brazilian Federal Teaching Institutions were analysed. There is a substantial heterogeneity amongst UH in Brazil, in terms of size and organizational structure as well as in the type of health care provided. Brazilian UH represent core elements of two State policies: Education and Health. Consequently, the existing tensions between these two policies, to some extent, often reflect on the UH. Also, the UH must frequently address challenges that go beyond their purpose. Organizational sustainability remains a crucial issue to the UH. This concept entails effective financial and management skills, outcomes monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, and accountability. UH in Brazil have two main roles: providing health care and integrating the National Health System. From a future perspective, the UH shall be conceived from a much broader perspective than that of institutions that only provide health care. The future of Brazilian UH relies on their capacity to provide effective support to the State Health and Education policies.


Subject(s)
Hospitals, University/trends , Brazil , Forecasting
4.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 27(1): 53-59, mar. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-432109

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho avaliou as condições de vida e trabalho de médicos que trabalhavam em um hospital universitário. Utilizou-se um questionário contendo dados ocupacionais e o Medical Outcomes Study 36 – Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Participaram 91 cirurgiões e 95 clínicos, predominantemente do sexo masculino. A média da idade dos cirurgiões foi de 44,5 e dos clínicos, de 46 anos. A carga horária média total de trabalho foi 51,8 para cirurgiões e 44,1 horas/semana para clínicos. Referiram trabalhar em outros locais 87,9 por cento dos cirurgiões e 51,6 por cento dos clínicos. O domínio Aspectos Físicos apresentou diferença estatística significante, sendo menor entre os clínicos


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Occupational Medicine/methods , Occupational Medicine/organization & administration , Occupational Medicine , Physicians/psychology , Quality of Life/psychology , Hospitals, University/organization & administration , Hospitals, University/supply & distribution , Hospitals, University , Hospitals, University/trends , Hospitals, University
5.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; jan. 2002. 180 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-315229

ABSTRACT

A temática central deste estudo é a prática de planejamento de enfermeiras gerentes de unidades de internação de um hospital universitário público federal. Os objetivos se propõem analisar, a partir do ponto de vista de enfermeiras, dentro da ótica processual, e discutir as evidências empíricas da prática de planejamento em suas ações e ênfase dada a elas tendo por base componentes organizacionais. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevista semi-estruturada aberta complementada pela observação de campo direta do cotidiano de trabalho da enfermeira em seis unidades de internação. Trata-se de uma investigação de natureza qualitativa, buscando compreender, numa perspectiva dialética, o saber e o fazer da enfermeira sobre planejamento....


Subject(s)
Nursing , Hospitals, University/supply & distribution , Hospitals, University , Hospitals, University/trends , Health Planning
6.
Säo Paulo; USP. CCS; jun. 2001. 135 p. ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-320417

ABSTRACT

Essa coletânea reúne 23 depoimentos de alguns dos muitos que participaram das origens do Hospital Universitário da Unviersidade de Säo Paulo, com o objetivo de comemorar os vinte anos de seu efetivo funcionamento através do registro de abordagens pessoais de fatos ocorridos, no geral, a partir da década de sessenta. Näo é um livro de história do HU, mas um painel de histórias desta instituiçäo firmadas na experiência dos entrevistados


Subject(s)
Hospitals, University/history , Brazil , Hospitals, University/trends
7.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2000. 126 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-288144

ABSTRACT

A intensidade e a velocidade das mudanças, frequentemente, ocasionam insegurança nos indivíduos envolvidos e desestabilizaçäo das organizaçöes que buscam se adaptar para alcançar novos patamares de estabilidade e reduzir o impacto das mudanças no cotidiano de trabalho. O Hospital Universitário, no bojo das mudanças do setor saúde, vem implementando mudanças significativas e buscando vencer as resistências, e a Enfermagem, enquanto grupo majoritário na organizaçäo, näo pode ficar à margem...


Subject(s)
Humans , Hospitals, University/organization & administration , Nursing, Supervisory/trends , Interviews as Topic , Nursing, Team/trends , Hospitals, University/trends , Organizational Innovation
8.
Rio de Janeiro; Escola de Enfermagem Anna Nery; jan.1999. 225 p. tab, graf.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-306014

ABSTRACT

Neste livro [...] que contém os trabalhos apresentados no seminário "Financiamento e Gestão do Setor Saúde: novos modelos", mostra como essa globalização é a consequência de uma estratégia adotada pelo governo dos Estados Unidos...


Subject(s)
Humans , Cost-Benefit Analysis/trends , Healthcare Financing , Public Health/trends , Health Systems , Hospitals, Public , Hospitals, Public/trends , Hospitals, University/organization & administration , Hospitals, University/trends , Organization and Administration , Public Health/history
9.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 10(2): 105-8, 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-274463

ABSTRACT

Se analizan los fundamentos y campo de acción de una Unidad de Sexualidad Humana en el ámbito de la ginecología, desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria, abarcando las áreas propias del quehacer de un hospital universitario


Subject(s)
Humans , Sex Education/trends , Hospitals, University/trends , Sexuality , Health Education , Patient Care Team , Research , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/therapy
13.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 166-185, 1977.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-54749

ABSTRACT

In an attempt to understand the changing pattern of hospital care utilization and costs, a study was made of the medical and administrative records of 7,798 patients, who were discharged from a private, university teaching hospital in the years 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970 and 1974. An analysis of the ages of the patients who utilized the hospital, revealed little change over the study in the age distribution of female patients, but did show increases in the percentages of male patients who were under 5 and over 60 years of age. The overall average length of stay in hospital decreased continuously, from 17.1 days in 1955 to 10.4 days in 1974, and the average length of stay of those who were discharged within 90 days of admission decreased from 14.4 days in 1955 to 8.9 days in 1974. Patients who received surgical treatment remained in hospital for three to four days longer than did those who received non-surgical treatment. Obstetrical cases remained in hospital for 6.9 days in 1955, and 4.8 days in 1974. A large majority of the patients (87 - 96%) were discharged within one month of admission, and virtually all (97.5 - 99.4%) within three months. In respect to the place of residence of the patients, the data revealed that 80% were from Seoul Two-thirds of the patients from Seoul resided in districts immediately surrounding the hospital, showing that despite increasingly effective transportation facilities, hospital utilization continued to be localized to people living in areas near the institution. The study revealed little change in disease patterns over the years: the percentage of obstetrical admissions remained highest with infectious and parasitic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, injuries, neoplasms and respiratory diseases ranking in descending order. The status of patients at time of discharge showed improvement: the recovery rate increased, and the proportion of patients who died decreased. Total hospital expenses increase 4.4 times and expenses per patient day increased 6.2 times, both results having been determined through the use of constant market prices. It is considered that the latter increase resulted primarily from intensification of medical care and shortening of the hospitalization period. Among the various components of hospital care costs, room (hotel-type) and treatment expenses remained at approximately 40%of the total, while expenses for drugs and injections were approximately 20% in each of the five years of the study. Study of the relative increase of hospital costs by component of care revealed that the highest. increases over the twenty-year period was in the cost of laboratory services, followed by drugs and injections. It would seem that these high increases resulted from rapid technological developments in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Costs and Cost Analysis , Hospitals, Teaching/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, University/economics , Hospitals, University/trends , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Korea , Length of Stay , Middle Aged
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